Integration Libraries for Spring MVC
This tutorial shows the way mobile API developers who build their applications on top of Spring framework can integrate with PowerAuth Server.
Prerequisites for the tutorial
- Running PowerAuth Server with available REST interface.
- Knowledge of web applications based on Spring Framework.
- Software: IDE, Application Server (Tomcat, Wildfly, …)
Add a Maven dependency
To add PowerAuth support in your RESTful API, add Maven dependency for PowerAuth RESTful Security module in your pom.xml file:
<dependency>
<groupId>io.getlime.security</groupId>
<artifactId>powerauth-restful-security-spring</artifactId>
<version>${powerauth.version}</version>
</dependency>
Register Bouncy Castle Provider
This step is technically required only in case your server uses end-to-end encryption, but performing it anyway will not cause any harm. First, make sure you include Bouncy Castle libraries in your dependencies:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
<artifactId>bcprov-jdk18on</artifactId>
</dependency>
Then, you can then register Bouncy Castle provider in your SpringBootServletInitializer (or an equivalent class in case you do not use Spring Boot):
public class ServletInitializer extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
@Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
// Register BC provider
Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());
return application.sources(PowerAuthApiJavaApplication.class);
}
}
Configure PowerAuth REST Client
Make sure to add both io.getlime.security.powerauth and com.wultra.security.powerauth packages in the @ComponentScan annotation. At this moment, both packages need to be scanned. We are already the process of package name migration. In the future library versions, we will only use the com.wultra.security.powerauth.
In order to connect to the correct PowerAuth Server, you need to add following configuration:
@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"io.getlime.security.powerauth", "com.wultra.security.powerauth"})
public class PowerAuthWebServiceConfiguration {
@Value("${powerauth.rest.url}")
private String powerAuthRestUrl;
@Bean
public PowerAuthClient powerAuthClient() {
try {
return new PowerAuthRestClient(powerAuthRestUrl);
} catch (PowerAuthClientException ex) {
logger.warn(ex.getMessage(), ex);
return null;
}
}
}
Setting Up Credentials
(optional) In case PowerAuth Server uses a restricted access flag in the server configuration, you need to configure credentials for REST client:
@Value("${powerauth.service.security.clientToken}")
private String clientToken;
@Value("${powerauth.service.security.clientSecret}")
private String clientSecret;
// ...
@Bean
public PowerAuthClient powerAuthClient() {
PowerAuthRestClientConfiguration config = new PowerAuthRestClientConfiguration();
config.setPowerAuthClientToken(clientToken);
config.setPowerAuthClientSecret(clientSecret);
try {
return new PowerAuthRestClient(powerAuthRestUrl, config);
} catch (PowerAuthClientException ex) {
logger.warn(ex.getMessage(), ex);
return null;
}
}
Advanced PowerAuth REST Client Configuration
The following REST client options are available:
maxMemorySize- configures maximum memory size per request, default 1 MBconnectTimeout- configures connection timeout, default 5000 msproxyEnabled- enables proxy, disabled by defaultproxyHost- proxy hostname or IP addressproxyPort- proxy server portproxyUsername- proxy username in case proxy authentication is requiredproxyPassword- proxy password in case proxy authentication is requiredpowerAuthClientToken- client token for PowerAuth server authentication, used in case authentication is enabled on PowerAuth serverpowerAuthClientSecret- client secret for PowerAuth server authentication, used in case authentication is enabled on PowerAuth serveracceptInvalidSslCertificate- whether SSL certificates should be validated, used during development
Register PowerAuth Components
As a part of the PowerAuth integration setup, you need to register following components by registering appropriate @Beans and by adding these components to the Spring life-cycle in your WebMvcConfigurer:
@Configuration
public class WebApplicationConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
@Bean
public PowerAuthWebArgumentResolver powerAuthWebArgumentResolver() {
return new PowerAuthWebArgumentResolver();
}
@Bean
public PowerAuthEncryptionArgumentResolver powerAuthEncryptionArgumentResolver() {
return new PowerAuthEncryptionArgumentResolver();
}
@Bean
public PowerAuthAnnotationInterceptor powerAuthInterceptor() {
return new PowerAuthAnnotationInterceptor();
}
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean powerAuthFilterRegistration() {
FilterRegistrationBean<PowerAuthRequestFilter> registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean<>();
registrationBean.setFilter(new PowerAuthRequestFilter());
registrationBean.setMatchAfter(true);
return registrationBean;
}
@Override
public void addArgumentResolvers(List<HandlerMethodArgumentResolver> argumentResolvers) {
argumentResolvers.add(powerAuthWebArgumentResolver());
argumentResolvers.add(powerAuthEncryptionArgumentResolver());
}
@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
registry.addInterceptor(powerAuthInterceptor());
}
}
PowerAuthWebArgumentResolver bean is responsible for auto-injecting PowerAuth authentication objects into the controller handler methods (see example in Verify Signatures Chapter). You need to add it to argument resolver list.
PowerAuthEncryptionArgumentResolver bean is responsible for auto-injecting PowerAuth encryption objects into the controller handler methods (see example in Use End-to-End Encryption Chapter). You need to add it to argument resolver list.
PowerAuthInterceptor bean is responsible for the @PowerAuth annotation handling (see example in Verify Signatures Chapter). You need to add it to the interceptor registry.
Finally, the FilterRegistrationBean (with the PowerAuthRequestFilter filter) is a technical component that passes the HTTP request body as an attribute of HttpServletRequest, so that it can be used for signature validation.
Register a PowerAuth Application Configuration
(optional)
PowerAuth application configuration can be used to customize additional data returned in activation status calls. Attributes obtained from activation detail are available in the activation context for additional processing. These attributes can be used to return any custom attributes to the mobile application using the customObject map. Note that such processing of activation attributes can have impact on performance because it is executed during each activation status call.
@Configuration
public class ApplicationConfiguration implements PowerAuthApplicationConfiguration {
@Override
public Map<String, Object> statusServiceCustomObject(ActivationContext context) {
return null; // suggested default implementation
}
}
Set Up Spring Security
(optional)
Create a security configuration class SecurityConfig extending WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter. The configuration we will use:
- disable default Basic HTTP authentication
- disables CSRF (we don’t need it for REST)
- register your authentication entry point (if someone tries to visit our API without prior authentication, show error)
- secures all REST endpoints with
/secured/prefix
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Autowired
private PowerAuthApiAuthenticationEntryPoint apiAuthenticationEntryPoint;
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/secured/**").fullyAuthenticated();
http.httpBasic().disable();
http.csrf().disable();
http.exceptionHandling().authenticationEntryPoint(apiAuthenticationEntryPoint);
}
}
Verify Signatures
This sample @Controller implementation illustrates how to use @PowerAuth annotation to verify that the request signature matches what is expected - in this case, to establish an authenticated session. In case the authentication is not successful, the PowerAuthApiAuthentication object is null. You may check for the null value and raise PowerAuthAuthenticationException that is handled alongside other application exceptions via default @ControllerAdvice.
Note: Controllers that establish a session must not be on a context that is protected by Spring Security (for example /secured/, in our example), otherwise context could never be reached and session will never be established.
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "session")
public class AuthenticationController {
@RequestMapping(value = "login", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@PowerAuth(resourceId = "/session/login")
@ResponseBody
public MyApiResponse login(PowerAuthApiAuthentication auth) {
if (auth == null) {
// handle authentication failure
throw new PowerAuthSignatureInvalidException();
}
// use userId if needed ...
final String userId = auth.getUserId();
// create authenticated session
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication((Authentication) auth);
// return OK response
return new MyApiResponse(Status.OK, userId);
}
}
The resourceId parameter of the @PowerAuth annotation can substitute placeholders (marked via “${placeholder}”) with the actual parameters of the handler method. Mobile client can construct resource ID values in a dynamic way accordingly. The implementation takes into account all handler method parameters that are annotated via @RequestParam or @PathVariable annotations and extracts values from the request parameter map.
In case both @RequestParam and @PathVariable with the same name exist, the value of @RequestParam takes precedence. This is because @RequestParam usually maps to the HTTP GET query parameter that cannot be easily changed in existing API, while @PathVariable is just a URL placeholder that can be renamed in the code with no impact on functionality.
Example of using dynamic resource ID:
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "secured")
public class AuthenticationController {
@RequestMapping(value = "account/{id}", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@PowerAuth(resourceId = "/secured/account/${id}?filter=${filter}")
@ResponseBody
public MyAccountApiResponse changeAccountSettings(
@PathVariable("id") String accountId, @RequestParam("filter") String filter, PowerAuthApiAuthentication auth, PowerAuthActivation activation) {
if (auth == null) {
// handle authentication failure
throw new PowerAuthSignatureInvalidException();
}
// use userId for business logic ...
final String userId = auth.getUserId();
final String activationId = activation.getActivationId();
final List<String> activationFlags = activation.getActivationFlags();
final Account account = myService.updateAccount(accountId, userId, filter, activationId, activationFlags);
// return OK response
return new MyAccountApiResponse(Status.OK, userId);
}
}
In case you need a more low-level access to the signature verification, you can verify the signature manually using the PowerAuthAuthenticationProvider like this:
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "session")
public class AuthenticationController {
@Autowired
private PowerAuthAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider;
@RequestMapping(value = "login", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public ObjectResponse<String> login(
@RequestHeader(value = PowerAuthSignatureHttpHeader.HEADER_NAME, required = true) String signatureHeader,
HttpServletRequest servletRequest) throws Exception {
final PowerAuthApiAuthentication apiAuthentication = authenticationProvider.validateRequestSignature(
"POST",
"Any data".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8),
"/session/login",
signatureHeader
);
if (apiAuthentication == null || apiAuthentication.getUserId() == null) {
throw new PowerAuthSignatureInvalidException();
}
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication((Authentication) apiAuthentication);
return new ObjectResponse<String>("OK", "User " + userId);
}
}
In case you want to process the failed signature verification results and obtain additional information about the activation, you can use the authenticationProvider.validateRequestSignatureWithActivationDetails() method:
final PowerAuthApiAuthentication apiAuthentication = authenticationProvider.validateRequestSignatureWithActivationDetails(
"POST",
"Any data".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8),
"/session/login",
signatureHeader
);
final AuthenticationContext auth = apiAuthentication.getAuthenticationContext();
final PowerAuthActivation activation = apiAuthentication.getActivationContext();
if (!auth.isValid() || auth.getUserId() == null) {
throw new PowerAuthSignatureInvalidException();
}
Integer remainingAttempts = auth.getRemainingAttempts();
String activationId = activation.getActivationId();
ActivationStatus activationStatus = activation.getActivationStatus();
...
Use Token Based Authentication
This sample @Controller implementation illustrates how to use @PowerAuthToken annotation to verify simple token based authentication headers. In case the authentication is not successful, the PowerAuthApiAuthentication object is null.
Please note that token based authentication should be used only for endpoints with lower sensitivity, such as simplified account information for widgets or smart watch, that are also not prone to replay attack.
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "secure/account")
public class AuthenticationController {
@Autowired
private CustomService service;
@RequestMapping(value = "widget/balance", method = RequestMethod.GET)
@PowerAuthToken
public @ResponseBody ObjectResponse<String> getBalance(PowerAuthApiAuthentication apiAuthentication) throws PowerAuthAuthenticationException {
if (apiAuthentication == null) {
throw new PowerAuthTokenInvalidException();
} else {
String userId = apiAuthentication.getUserId();
String balance = service.getBalanceForUser(userId);
return new ObjectResponse<String>("OK", balance);
}
}
}
Use End-To-End Encryption
You can use end-to-end encryption to add additional encryption layer on top of the basic HTTPS encryption to protect the request body contents better.
End-to-end encryption provided by PowerAuth uses POST method for all data transport, and it requires a predefined request / response structure.
Encryption in Application Scope
You can encrypt data in application scope (non-personalized) using following pattern:
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/exchange")
public class EncryptedDataExchangeController {
@RequestMapping(value = "application", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@PowerAuthEncryption(scope = EncryptionScope.APPLICATION_SCOPE)
public DataExchangeResponse exchangeInApplicationScope(@EncryptedRequestBody DataExchangeRequest request,
EncryptionContext encryptionContext) throws PowerAuthEncryptionException {
if (encryptionContext == null) {
throw new PowerAuthEncryptionException();
}
// Return a slightly different String containing original data in response
return new DataExchangeResponse("Server successfully decrypted signed data: " + (request == null ? "''" : request.getData()) + ", scope: " + encryptionContext.getEncryptionScope());
}
}
The method argument annotated by the @EncryptedRequestBody annotation is set with decrypted request data. The data is decrypted using an ECIES decryptor initialized in application scope.
The response data is automatically encrypted using the previously created an ECIES decryptor which was used for decrypting the request data.
Encryption in Activation Scope
You can encrypt data in activation scope (personalized) using following pattern:
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/exchange")
public class EncryptedDataExchangeController {
@RequestMapping(value = "activation", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@PowerAuthEncryption(scope = EncryptionScope.ACTIVATION_SCOPE)
public DataExchangeResponse exchangeInActivationScope(@EncryptedRequestBody DataExchangeRequest request,
EncryptionContext encryptionContext) throws PowerAuthEncryptionException {
if (encryptionContext == null) {
throw new PowerAuthEncryptionException();
}
// Return a slightly different String containing original data in response
return new DataExchangeResponse("Server successfully decrypted signed data: " + (request == null ? "''" : request.getData()) + ", scope: " + encryptionContext.getEncryptionScope());
}
}
The method argument annotated by the @EncryptedRequestBody annotation is set with decrypted request data. The data is decrypted using an ECIES decryptor initialized in activation scope.
The response data is automatically encrypted using the previously created an ECIES decryptor which was used for decrypting the request data.
Signed and Encrypted Requests
You can also sign the data before encryption and perform signature verification of decrypted data using following pattern:
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/exchange")
public class EncryptedDataExchangeController {
@RequestMapping(value = "signed", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@PowerAuth(resourceId = "/exchange/signed")
@PowerAuthEncryption(scope = EncryptionScope.ACTIVATION_SCOPE)
public DataExchangeResponse exchangeSignedAndEncryptedData(@EncryptedRequestBody DataExchangeRequest request,
EncryptionContext encryptionContext,
PowerAuthApiAuthentication auth) throws PowerAuthAuthenticationException, PowerAuthEncryptionException {
if (auth == null || auth.getUserId() == null) {
throw new PowerAuthSignatureInvalidException();
}
if (encryptionContext == null) {
throw new PowerAuthEncryptionException();
}
// Return a slightly different String containing original data in response
return new DataExchangeResponse("Server successfully decrypted data and verified signature, request data: " + (request == null ? "''" : request.getData()) + ", user ID: " + auth.getUserId());
}
}
The method argument annotated by the @EncryptedRequestBody annotation is set with decrypted request data. The data is decrypted using an ECIES decryptor initialized in activation scope. The signature received in PowerAuth HTTP signature header is verified.
The response data is automatically encrypted using the previously created an ECIES decryptor which was used for decrypting the request data.
Note: You can use String or byte[] data types instead of using request/response objects for encryption of raw data.